Protecting the Ballot: How First-Wave Democracies Ended Electoral Corruption Mares Isabela
Protecting the Ballot: How First-Wave Democracies Ended Electoral Corruption Mares Isabela How reforms limiting electoral misconduct completed the process of democratizationBetween 1850 and 1918,…
Specifikacia Protecting the Ballot: How First-Wave Democracies Ended Electoral Corruption Mares Isabela
Protecting the Ballot: How First-Wave Democracies Ended Electoral Corruption Mares Isabela
How reforms limiting electoral misconduct completed the process of democratizationBetween 1850 and 1918, many first-wave democracies in Europe adopted electoral reforms that reduced the incidence of electoral malfeasance. Some reforms imposed harsher punishments for bribing or the politicization of state resources during campaigns. Drawing on analysis of parliamentary deliberations and roll call votes in France, Germany, Belgium, and the United Kingdom, Protecting the Ballot explores how these electoral changes came about.Reforms limiting electoral malfeasance came in a variety of forms.
By mandating the presence of candidate representatives supervising electoral operations, reforms also reduced the incidence of electoral fraud. Other changes improved electoral secrecy, providing better protection of voters' autonomy. Isabela Mares documents how elite splits